Study on the plasma level of pentraxin 3 and fibroblast growth factors 2 and its association with disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus patients / 中华风湿病学杂志

Objective:To elucidate the correlation between peripheral blood levels of pentraxin 3 (PTX3) and fibroblast growth factors 2 (FGF2) and clinical manifestations, immunological indexes and disease activity of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients.Methods:The correlation between peripheral blood levels of PTX3 and FGF2 and clinical manifestations, immunological indexes and disease activity of SLE pa-tients was determined. T test, Mann-Whitney U test and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient were analyzed statistically. Results:Plasma PTX3 levels were significantly higher in SLE patients than in healthy controls (3 191±2 423) pg/ml vs (755±432) pg/ml, t=5.595, P<0.01) . The titer of PTX3 in patients with hematologic in-volvement was higher than that in the patients without [(3 810±2 840) pg/ml vs (2 493±1 830) pg/ml, t=2.008, P=0.049). Plasma PTX3 concentration in SLE patients was positively correlated not only with the level of 24 h urine protein ( r=0.498 6, P=0.005 9), but also with ESR ( r= 0.376, P=0.007) and systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index (SLEDAI) scores ( r=0.405, P=0.003). On the contrast, plasma PTX3 concentration in SLE patients was negatively correlated with complement 3 ( r=-0.405, P=0.005). Increased serum PTX3 levels accompanied by increased serum FGF2 levels was observed. Plasma FGF2 concentration in SLE patients was positively correlated with SLEDAI scores ( r=0.326, P=0.019), but negatively correlated with level of comple-ment 3 ( r=-0.414, P=0.004) and complement 4 ( r=-0.451, P=0.007). Levels of FGF2 were higher in patients with positive anti-NuA antibody [(138±91) pg/ml vs (59±68) pg/ml, t=2.996, P=0.004 2), anti-dsDNA antibody [(120±96) pg/ml vs (56±58) pg/ml, t=3.583, P=0.000 7] and anti-rRNP antibody (151±109) pg/ml vs (63±61) pg/ml, t=3.757, P=0.000 4) than in patients with negative of these antibodies. Conclusion:The levels of PTX3 and FGF2 in peripheral blood may play a role in determining the disease activity and clinical phenotype of SLE, and can help doctors to make diagnosis and treatment decisions.

Rat in vitro plasma-binding percentage determination of sinomenine hydrochloride by using microdialysis method and ultrafiltration / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess feasibility of plasma protein-binding percentage by using microdialysis method.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Sinomenine hydrochloride was selected as model drug. The in vitro rat plasma protein-binding percentage of three kinds of concentration was determinated by using microdialysis sampling tool and HPLC-UV. At the same time the classical study method, such as ultrafiltration method, was also used to determinate the protein-binding percentage to compare the difference between the two methods.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The in vitro rat plasma protein-binding percentage of sinomenine hydrochloride using microdialysis method was about 26% and kept relative stable at the concentration range. There was no significant difference between the two methods.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The results shows that the binding percentage is relative low. Microdialysis method is a new method for the study of protein-binding degree.</p>

Studies of in vitro releasing properties on cyclovirobuxine D matrix-type patch / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the drug releasing properties of Cyclovirobuxine D matrix-type patch.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>To prepare Cyclovirobuxine D single-layered and double-layered patch was prepared and the study the drug releasing properties by in vitro releasing and in vitro skin permeation experiments was studied.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The coefficient of first-order dynamical equation was good for single-layered patch, which means the releasing rate decreased with the amounts of drug decreasing. Nevertheless, Higuchi equation was good for double-layered patch, which means it belonged framing-type releasing system. In-vitro skin permeation experiment showed that zero-order dynamical equation was good for these two patches which indicated all of them abided by Ficks diffusion law.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The structure of patch can change the drug releasing properties, the double-layered patch can obtain steady releasing and permeating rate because of storage layer releasing.</p>

Study on optimization of formulation and preparation process of sinomenine liposomes / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To optimize the formulation and preparation process of sinomenine liposomes.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Method of aether injection and mixture uniform design were adopted to determine the formulation of sinomenine liposomes is the proportion of phospholipids, cholesterol and Vitamin E with the index of entrapment efficiency. And the single-factor test was used to study the preparation process of the liposomes, including the volume of buffer solution, the preparation temperature and the ultrasonic time.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The optimized formulation was that the ratio of sinomenine : phospholipids : cholesterol : vitamin E mass ratio was 8.92 : 60.35 : 28.81 : 1.91. The volume of buffer solution was 50 mL x g(-1) membrane, the preparation temperature was 50 degrees C, and the ultrasonic time was 20 min.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Satisfactory shape and entrapment efficiency of the liposomes can be obtained by the optimized formulation and preparation process.</p>

Protective Effect of Naoli Zhibao on Mice with Learning and Memory Impairment / 广州中医药大学学报

Objective To observe the protective effect of Naoli Zhibao(NZ) on mice with learning and memory impairment.Methods (1) Thirty-two NIH mice were randomized into pseudo-operation group,model group,and low-and high-dose NZ groups(at the dose of 4 and 8 g?kg-1?d-1 respectively).Except the pseudo-operation group,the mice in other groups received the operation of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion.After treatment for 10 days,the learning and memory abilities of the mice were observed by step-down test,and the contents of malondialdehyde(MDA) and nitric oxide(NO) as well as the activities of superoxide dismustase(SOD) and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) were detected.Meanwhile,the free amino acid content in mice cerebral cortex was measured with high performance liquid chromatography.(2) Forty NIH mice aged 9 months were randomized into normal control group,mimetic aging group,and low-and high-dose NZ groups(at the dose of 4 and 8 g?kg-1?d-1 respectively).The mice models of mimetic aging were induced by intraperitoneal injection of D-galactose 0.5mL for 6 weeks,and the mice in NZ groups were also given gastric gavage of NZ for 6 weeks.After treatment,the learning and memory abilities of the mice were observed by step-down test,and the contents of epinephrine(E),norepinephrine(NE) and tryptophan(TP) in mice cerebral cortex were measured.Results (1) NZ significantly improved the memory ability of mice with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury(P

Building a Training Platform and Training Qualified Medical Talented Personals / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Huaihua medical College has inquired into the questionnaire from more 500 students who are clinical doctors and graduate nurses and 50 teachs who are clinical teaching hospitals,finding that the results have indicated the significance,the necessity and the actual problems of clinical technical ability practice teaching,when they are in school by their firsthand experience,which are very helpful to shortening scheduled time to practice,improving clinical basic skills,adjusting to medical environment as soon as possible,to ensure practice teaching quality and also have notable effects on continuing reinforcing building the clinical technical ability training centre and improving the quality of clinical technical teaching ability at the same time.

In - Vitro Experiment for Detecting Microdialysis Recovery rate of Sinomenine / 广州中医药大学学报

[Objective] To explore the in-vitro determination method for the recovery rate of sinomenine in microdialysis probe and to investigate the influencing factors. [Methods] The recovery rate of sinomenine was detected by concentration difference method (by gain and by loss) and zero-net flux method. [Results] The recovery rate detected by increment method was as the same as that by decrement method; the recovery rate had no correlation with the sinomenine concentration in the solvent. Sinomenine recovery assessed by concentration difference method had a good intra-day stability and intra-day reproducibility. Sinomenine concentration and recovery in the solvent could be determined accurately by zero-net flux method. [ Conclusion ] Microdialysis sampling can be used for the pharmacokinetic study of sinomenine and decrement method (ie. retrodialysis) can be used for the determination of recovery rate of sinomenine.

Analgesic Effect of Jiedu Tuoyin Decoction and Its Influence on Reproduction of Morphine-dependence Rats / 广州中医药大学学报

To observe the analgesic effect of Jiedu Tuoyin Decoction (JTD) and its influence on reproduction of morphine dependence rats. JTD is composed of Rhizoma Coptidis, Radix Rehmanniae, Radix Aconiti, Radix Astragali, Radix Codonopsis, Ramulus Uncariae cum Uncis, etc..Sixty rats were randomly allocated to six groups: normal saline group (Group A), morphine and normal saline group (Group B), morphine and clonidine group(Group C),morphine and low dosage of JTD group (Group D), morphine and moderate dosage of JTD group (Group E) and morphine and high dosage of JTD group (Group F).Content of ? endophin(? EP) in hypothalamus and plasma, substance P (SP) content in ganglion nodosum(GN) and nucleus tractus solitarii(NTS) and serum levels of sexual hormones were examined.(1) ? EP content in hypothalamus of morphine dependence rats was lower and SP content in ganglion nodosum and nucleus tractus solitarii was higher than that of normal rats (P

Studies on In-vitro Transdermal Permeability of Cyclovirobuxine D Ethosomes / 广州中医药大学学报

Objective To investigate the in-vitro transdermal permeability of cyclovirobuxine D ethosomes.Methods Ethosomes,liposomes,saturated aqueous solution and 35.5% saturated alcohol solution of cyclovirobuxine D were prepared.The in-vitro transdermal permeability of different kinds of preparations of cyclovirobuxine D was studied by in-vitro permeation experiments.Results Cyclovirobuxine D ethosomes enhanced transdermal flux rate of cyclovirobuxine D and the enhancement ratio was 8.85,superior to liposomes and saturate alcohol.The dermatic hold-up amount of cyclovirobuxine D in 35.5% saturated alcohol solution,liposomes and ethosomes was in a decreasing sequence.Conclusion Compared with the liposomes,the ethosomes can enhance the transdermal flux rate of cyclovirobuxine D,which could increase the systematic action of the drug.

Study on Brain Pharmacokinetics of Tetramethylpyrazine Phosphate After Intranasal Administration / 中药新药与临床药理

Objective To evaluate the rat brain pharmacokinetics of tetramethylpyrazine phosphate (TMPP) after intranasal administration.Methods The pharmacokinetic behavior of TMPP in rat brain was investigated after intranasal or intravenous administration (10mg?kg-1) of TMPP.Brain samples were collected by intracerebral microdialysis.The concentration of TMPP in the sample was measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).Main pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated and analyzed by Das 2.0 pharmacokinetic software.Results The results showed that two administration methods were all fitted to one compartment model.The absorption of TMPP from the nasal cavity to brain was rapid.The concentration-time curve showed a prolonged duration of TMPP concentration in the brain after intranasal administration.AUC0-∞values were (698.26?122.59)?g?min?mL-1 in intranasal group and (446.25?107.44)?g?min?mL-1 in intravenous group,and the difference was significant between the two groups (P

Study on In-vivo Nasal Mucosa Absorption of Tetramethylpyrazine Phosphate Liposome in Rats / 中药新药与临床药理

Objective To study the characteristic of in-vivo nasal mucosa absorption of tetramethylpyrazine phosphate(TMPP) liposome in rats. Methods Nasal circulatory perfusion method in rats was used to study the effects of different circulatory rates and TMPP concentrations on nasal mucosa absorption of TMPP liposome. Nasal mucosa absorption rate constants of TMPP liposomes and TMPP solutions at the same concentration were also compared. Results The absorption rate constant of TMPP liposomes was increased with the increase of circulatory rates at the range of 1.2～2.4 mL/min and with the increase of TMPP concentrations at the range of 0.245～0.98 mg/mL. Both the absorption rate constant and absorbed amount of TMPP for TMPP liposomes were higher than those for TMPP solutions at the same concentration. Conclusion The nasal mucosa absorption of TMPP liposome was complete as compared with that of TMPP solution.

Influence of Temperature and Perfusate Modifier on In-vitro Mass Transfer Coefficient of Microdialysis with Sinomenine as a Model Drug / 广州中医药大学学报

【Objective】To observe the influence of temperature and perfusate modifier on in-vitro mass transfer coefficient of microdialysis with sinomenine as a model drug.【Methods】The in-vitro relative recovery(RR) was assayed by HPLC at different temperatures and in perfusate including different concentrations of alcohol,and then the mass transfer coefficient was calculated.【Results】In-vitro RR increased with the temperature and the concentrations of alcohol,so did the mass transfer coefficient.【Conclusion】Temperature and alcohol at different concentrations have an effect on RR and mass transfer coefficient of microdialysis with sinomenine as a model drug.

Extraction of Volatile Oil from Naokangling Capsule and Processing Techniques of Its p-cyclodextrin Inclusion Compound / 广州中医药大学学报

[Objective] To screen an optimal method for the extraction of volatile oil from Naokangling Capsule (NC) and processing techniques of ?-cyclodextrin (?-CD) inclusion compound of NC. [Methods] The study was carried out with orthogonal design . Oil-extraction ratio, oil-bearing rate and inclusion rate of ?-CD inclusion compound of NC were used as indexes. [Results] The optimal process for oil extraction was adding 10-fold water in medicinal materials and then soaking for one hour and distilling for 5 hours. The optimal processing conditions for ?-CD inclusion compound of NC were: the proportion of ?-CD and volatile oil being 6:1, the inclusion compound being stirred for 2 hours at 40℃ . [Conclusion] This method is simple and practical and can increase the stability of preprations. It can be used for the production of ?-CD inclusion compound in a large scale.

Screening of prescriptions of JIUFEN SPRAY by transdermal experiments / 中草药

Object To screen the prescriptions of JIUFEN SPRAY Methods Four prescriptions were primarily obtained from 19 prescriptions of JIUFEN SPRAY on the basis of their stability and spraying effect, then the obtained four prescriptions were screened further according to transdermal rate of them Results Prescription 17th was considered to be the best as its high stability, spraying effect and transdermal rate Conclusion The optimal prescription of JIUFEN SPRAY consisted of 20% alcohol solution of sample, 3% borneol and 5% glycerine

Preparation of Shichangpu Double Layer Tablets / 中草药

Objective To prepare Shichangpu Double Layer Tablets. Methods The release of the sustained-release layer (SRL) was used as the response parameters and uniform design with alterable levels was used to optimize the recipe of SRL of Shichangpu Double Layper Tablets. Fast-release layer (FRL) was made from water extraction by ultra-filtration. Results The dissolution kinetics of SRL could follow zero-order equation and FRL showed good prosperities for fast release in 10 min. Conclusion The in vitro release of SRL of Shichangpu Double Layer Tablets testifies the significant sustained release action and FRL disintigrates rapidly. The preparation technology of Shichangpu Double Layer Tablet is reliable and simple.

Impact of rat skin stratum corneum on transdermal absorption characteristic of Sinomenine Liposome Patch / 中草药

Objective To study the effect of skin stratum corneum on transdermal absorption characteristic of Sinomenine Liposome Patch. Methods The normal and stripped stratum corneum skin of back and abdomen was used to study the transdermal absorption characteristic by Franz method. The transdermal absorption sample was taken at the preset sampling time point. The sample content was determined by HPLC. The cumulative transdermal amount of per unit area was fitted with sampling time point, the transdermal rate constant (J value) was selected as comparative standard. Results The transdermal rate constant (J) of skin with stratum corneum stripped increased obviously than that of the normal skin, so was the released rate constant. Conclusion The skin stratum corneum has an notable impact on transdermal absorption characteristic of Sinomenine Liposome Patch. When the skin of experimental animal being prepared, the integrality should be paid more attention.

A study on the Transdermal Penetration of Artesunate from various EVA Membranes / 中药新药与临床药理

With transdermal absorption speed constant as index, the percutaneous osmosis experiments were carried out by orthodox design method to study the preparation process of EVA membrane.The results indicate that the best preparation process of EVA membrane is:10% EVA 36,dissolved by chloroform without the addition of plasticizer, expanding the membrane at the thickness of 0 5 ?m, dried at 80℃ for 6 hours. The membrane is with good releasing-control activity under the above condition.

Screening of the Receiving Solution in Transdermal Absorption of Jiufen Spray / 中药新药与临床药理

Objective: To screen the receiving solution used to study the transdermal absorption of strychnine in Jiufen spray. Methods: With recovery,Q-T equation and transdermal speed constant as the parameters, the improved Franz-cell and the skin of SD rats were used to screen the receiving solution from saline, saline-alcohol (7∶3,v∶v), pH phosphate buffer solution-alcohol (88∶2,v∶v), pH 7.4 phosphate buffer containing 25% alcohol. Results: The comparison of the inter-day and intra-day recoveries,Q-T equation and transdermal speed constant showed that saline-alcohol(7∶3) was the best for the study. Conclusion: It is indicated that saline-alcohol(7∶3) was the best receiving solution for the transdermal absorption study of Jiufen spray.

Pharmacokinetic Study on Transderma Patch of Cyclobuxine D in Rabbits / 中药新药与临床药理

Objective To evaluate the pharmacokinetic parameters and bioavailability of Cyclobuxine D in transdermal patch in Newzealand rabbits by determining concentration-time curve and by comparing with the pharmacokinetics of Cyclobuxine Dinjection and suspension.Methods Precolumn derivatization RP-HPLC was used to detect the concentration of Clovirobuxine D in rabbits plasma at different time,and software 3p87 was used to analyze the pharmacokinetics parameter.Results In contrast to oral delivery,relatively steadily sustained blood concentration with minimal fluctuation and prolonged peak time were presented in the rabbits over a long period after transdermal administration.The absolute bioavailability of Cyclobuxine D was 30.472 %.Conclusion Cyclobuxine D Patch exhibits good controlled-release properties and maintains appropriate blood concentration for a prolonged time.

Study on the In- vitro Recovery of Tetramethylpyrazine Phosphate in Microdialysis Probe / 中药新药与临床药理

Objective To detect the in-vitro recovery of tetramethylpyrazine phosphate (TMPP) in microdialysis probe and to study its stability. Methods The recovery of TMPP was detected by concentration difference method (increment method and decrement method ). The effect of flow rates and concentrations on recovery was studied. Results The recovery detected by increment method was as the same as that detected by decrement method; TMPP recovery was independent of TMPP concentration in the external medium. TMPP recovery had good stability. Conclusion Microdialysis sampling can be used for the pharmacokinetic study of TMPP and decrement method (ie. retrodialysis) can be used for the determination of TMPP recovery.